OECD estimates global biodiversity finance at $74.9–92.4 billion a year

An OECD report dated 1 October estimates biodiversity finance from domestic and international public and private sources at USD 74.9–92.4 billion a year. This is an annual average across available observations for 2023–2025; the lower end draws on data from 104 countries, while the upper end also includes about USD 17.5 billion a year reported to the Convention on Biological Diversity by the European Union.

The OECD warns that the upper estimate may double-count some spending reported both by the EU and its member states. The 104-country compilation covers 61% of global GDP, 82% of OECD members and 74% of G20 members, but the report found no 2023–2025 data for India or the United States. The range therefore reflects incomplete coverage and methodological limits.