# Italy’s public deficit falls to 3.1% of GDP in 2025

> Italy’s general government net borrowing was €69.736 billion in 2025, equal to 3.1% of GDP, according to the Maastricht notification published by Istat on 21 October. That was down from €74.835 billion, or 3.4% of GDP, in 2024.

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- Publisher: Newsverum
- Section: Economy
- Country: Italy
- Published: 2026-10-21T14:02:44+00:00
- Updated: 2026-10-21T14:02:44+00:00
- Event / data period: 2025
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The primary balance, which excludes interest spending, recorded a surplus of 0.8% of GDP, improving by 0.3 percentage points from 2024. Interest expenditure, excluding the impact of swap transactions under current accounting rules, was 3.8% of GDP.

Gross general government debt stood at €3.097 trillion at the end of 2025, or 136.7% of GDP. The debt ratio rose by 2.5 percentage points from 2024. Istat said the 2022–2025 outturns were included in the excessive deficit procedure notification submitted to the European Commission.

## Data

### Italian public finances

2024 and 2025 outturns as a share of GDP

Methodology: Istat Maastricht notification; published ratios in the same GDP-share unit are reproduced without recalculation.

| Measure | Percent of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2024 public deficit | -3.4 |
| 2025 public deficit | -3.1 |
| 2025 primary balance | 0.8 |
| 2025 interest expenditure | 3.8 |
| 2024 public debt | 134.2 |
| 2025 public debt | 136.7 |

Sources: <https://www.istat.it/comunicato-stampa/notifica-dellindebitamento-netto-e-del-debito-delle-amministrazioni-pubbliche-secondo-il-trattato-di-maastricht-anni-2022-2025-2/> · Download data: [JSON](https://newsverum.com/api/v1/articles/italy-public-deficit-falls-to-3-1-percent-gdp-2025/data/release-data?lang=en&format=json) · [CSV](https://newsverum.com/api/v1/articles/italy-public-deficit-falls-to-3-1-percent-gdp-2025/data/release-data?lang=en&format=csv)

## Sources

- [Istat](<https://www.istat.it/comunicato-stampa/notifica-dellindebitamento-netto-e-del-debito-delle-amministrazioni-pubbliche-secondo-il-trattato-di-maastricht-anni-2022-2025-2/>) (Source checked: 2026-10-21; Published: 2026-10-21)

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